Search results for "Separation of powers"
showing 10 items of 12 documents
La forma de gobierno en la Constitución de Cádiz (reflexiones sobre la configuración de la Jefatura del Estado monárquica)
2012
A partir de las circunstancias históricas de las Cortes de Cádiz y de los precedentes de la monarquía española, el artículo analiza la posición de la Jefatura del Estado monárquica en la Constitución de 1812 caracterizada como una «Monarquía moderada» basada en los principios estructurales de soberanía nacional y división de poderes que determinan la configuración del Rey como poder constituido en la nueva forma de gobierno. La afirmación de la soberanía nacional impregna el conjunto del texto constitucional sin perjuicio de que coexista retóricamente con la antigua legitimidad monárquica. Por otra parte, la división de poderes supone la distinción entre la titularidad de la soberanía y su …
THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE UNDERSTANDING OF JUDGE INDEPENDENCE IN LATVIA
2012
Latvian people’s craving for freedom culminated in the beginning of 1990-s. The activity of the Constitution of the Republic of Latvia was renewed, and the state power was returned to the people. From this moment, the work on dismantling the Soviet legal system in Latvia had started. A legal system had been redirected to the principles of the Western legal branch. The hard core of these principles was already in the Article 1 of the 1920 Constitution of the Republic of Latvia which states that Latvia is an independent and democratic republic. A key element of a democratic state is of a legal state. The division of powers, which is an essential element of a judge's independence, is in force …
Historical Overview of the Romanian Constitutionalism
2011
The history of the Romanian constitution and constitutionalism is closely linked to the 19th and 20th centuries. The 19th century meant the birth of the national unitary Romanian state and the building of the modern constitutional system by way of the massive constitutional transplant from the Western constitutional models. Breaking with the past was abrupt therefore just few ideas, institutions and practices remained as an organic linkage with the political and constitutional past.
Vigencia de los derechos constitucionales en el Estado de Excepción con motivo de la emergencia sanitaria del COVID-19.
2021
El Estado de Excepción es una figura jurídica excepcional, que el jefe de Estado decreta frente a situaciones cuya solución escapan la actuación ordinaria, como la pandemia por el COVID–19; en este contexto, el presidente constitucional del Ecuador en uso de sus atribuciones, promulgó el 16 de marzo del 2020, el Decreto No. 1017 de Estado de Excepción y posterior solicitud de prórroga. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la vigencia de los derechos constitucionales en el Estado de Excepción con motivo de la emergencia sanitaria del COVID-19. Entre los resultados que arrojó la investigación, tenemos que el control constitucional, es un elemento que garantiza equilibrio en la se…
‘The Iraq War Momentum’ in the Struggle on the Powers of the US Congress
2019
How parliaments and legislatures participate in war-making has raised interest among researchers from different disciplines, including constitutional law and political science. While war powers are usually considered to be included in the field of the executive branch, parliaments have played an increasingly relevant role as more democratic decision-making in both normal and exceptional times has gained prominence. The comparative aspect to examine war powers between parliaments or between the branches of government is often adopted to describe the authority and legitimacy of these powers. The US Congress is considered to have strong war powers on paper compared to parliaments in other libe…
Los principales retrocesos promovidos por la Ley Forestal brasileña de 2012
2019
El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los principales retrocesos introdu-cidos por la Ley Forestal de Brasil de 2012 y el contexto político de su formulación. El aná-lisis se basa en la comparación de las reglas que disciplinan los Institutos del Área de Pre-servación Permanente (APP) y del Área de Reserva Legal (ARL) en propiedades agrarias privadas por las Leyes Forestales de 1965 y 2012. Así como en las posiciones y los intere-ses de los actores más relevantes en relación con la protección de los bosques naturales, poniendo de relieve la gran influencia del sector agrario. El estudio demuestra que la Ley Forestal de 2012 fue formulada para anular casi completamente los dos principales …
Desobediencia civil y participación política. Unas cuestiones abiertas para las democracias constitucionales (y la teoría del derecho)
2015
In this article I try to show some problems of the interpretation of civil disobedience as a practice that aims to maintain democratic principles against discriminative legal patterns or oligarchic forces. I will present two doctrines, the Rawlsian (followed by Habermas) and the one proposed recently by supporters of a radical constitutional change through the exercise of “constituent power”. The Rawlsian account a) offers a too stringent model of justification of this type of practice and b) does not recognize the plurality of subjects to which civil disobedience appeal. The supporters of radical constitutional change fall into a form of heterogony of ends. They reject liberal accounts of …
Checks and balances and international openness
1991
In the course of a long digression within his famous inspection of Plato’s political philosophy, Karl Popper (1945: 121) argues that “the problem of politics” is the following: “How can we so organize political institutions that bad or incompetent rulers can be prevented from doing too much damage?” Popper’s answer is: “the theory of checks and balances”, which he defines as the striving to establish “institutional control of the rulers by balancing their powers against other powers” (122). From that general approach to “the problem of politics”, it follows that democracy is definitely not the rule of the majority, or the sovereignty of the people (a conception that entails various paradoxe…
Tradycyjny instytucjonalizm i jego znaczenie dla nauk politycznych
2015
The paper presents academic achievements of traditional institutionalism, the first scientific approach in political science, which was developed since the second part of the 19th century in USA, Great Britain, Germany and France. The author argues that this orientation had a creative influence on the progress of the discipline, however this impact is not appreciated by contemporary studies in the field of political science and political theory where limited understanding of the old institutionalism is promoted. The revision of this state of affairs has shown that, apart from the analysis of formal structures and institutions of state power, the traditionalists also have studied political p…
A Lost Opportunity to Parliamentarize The European Commission : Bagehot, Weber and a Debate in 1960
2022
The article emphasizes the significance of EU studies for political thought and concepts. It deals with the seemingly technical topic of the membership of cabinet ministers in parliament. This practice arose in eighteenth-century Westminster and has been discussed since the mid-nineteenth century, Walter Bagehot's and Max Weber's writings being landmarks. When the European Parliamentary Assembly in 1960 interpreted the Treaty of Rome, it took the view, by a narrow margin, that membership of the Parliament was incompatible with membership of the Commission. The debate on the compatibility of dual membership could have been a way to promote the parliamentarization of the EU. peerReviewed